University
A university is an institution where teaching and research is done. The word university comes from the Latin universitas magistrorum et scholarium, roughly meaning "community of teachers and scholars." [1] Students can attend university to get an academic degree. Unlike the schooling they have done before, the courses at university are specialized. A person studying biology at university has many courses about biology and fewer courses in other fields such as languages or history. To get a higher degree, people must do some research.
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History
The universities were born in Europe during the Middle Ages. The first institution of this type was the University of Bologna that later became a model for similar centers of education.[2][3][4] This term can often be used in other cultures to mean centers of higher education and higher thought, although their creation was often well before the Middle Ages.
At first, the universities had formed themselves according to the model of the professional groups and like almost everything in the Middle Ages, they remained tied to the Catholic Church. At the beginning, they had worked to teach the so-called "seven liberal arts" (the trivium and the quadrivium):
That earliest division caused the present divisions between literary and scientific fields. The world's oldest university is Qarawiyyin university.
Organization
A university can include several campuses, or different places where classes are taught. In each campus there are several faculties and university schools (mainly for teaching), and also laboratories, departments and institutes of research. Many campuses also have housing for students in buildings called dormitories and structures like libraries, study rooms, and gymnasiums for students that live there. Each school offers many courses that students take to earn a degree. The person with the highest right to control and to command in a university is the rector, who governs the university with the help of the party of vice-rectors and of other organs such as the social council and the governing body.
Notable universities
United Kingdom
- University of Manchester
- University of Cambridge
- University of Oxford
- Open University
- University College London
- University of Exeter
- Durham University
- King's College London
- University of Leeds
- University of Wales
- University of Glasgow
- University of Edinburgh
- University of St Andrews
- University of Aberdeen
- University of Bristol
- University of Dundee
- University of Inverness
- Queens University, Belfast
China
Germany
Hong Kong
Malaysia
Mexico
- UNAM, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. The Biggest and most important university in Mexico and Latin America
- UdG,University of Guadalajara.It is the second oldest university in Mexico,regarded as one of the most significant universities in Mexico.
- UAM, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
- IPN, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- ITESM, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey
- ITAM, Instituto Tecnoloógico Autónomo de México
Sweden
- Chalmers University
- Karolinska Institute
- Lund University
- Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm School of Economics
- Uppsala University
- Umeå University
Finland
United States
There is a group of famous universities called the Ivy League. They are:
- Harvard University
- Princeton University
- Yale University
- Brown University
- Cornell University
- Dartmouth College
- Columbia University
- University of Pennsylvania
Some other famous universities are:
- California Institute of Technology
- Duke University
- MIT
- Stanford University
- University of Chicago
- Georgetown University
- University of California, Berkeley
- Ohio State University
- Illinois State University
Canada
- Carleton University
- McGill University
- McMaster University
- Queen's University
- University of British Columbia
- University of New Brunswick
- University of Ottawa
- University of Toronto
- University of Waterloo
- University of Western Ontario
Poland
Japan
Italy
Australia
Chile
- University of Chile (Universidad de Chile)
- Catholic University of Chile (Universidad Católica de Chile)
- Metropolitan Technologic University (Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana)
Turkey
- Galatasaray University (İstanbul)
